Albert Einstein - The Quantum Theory - Documentary 2014
Δημοσιεύτηκε στις 18 Σεπ 2014
Albert
Einstein 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical
physicist and philosopher of science. He developed the general theory of
relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum
mechanics). He is best known in popular culture for his mass–energy
equivalence formula E = mc2 (which has been dubbed "the world's most
famous equation"). He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his
services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the
law of the photoelectric effect". The latter was pivotal in
establishing quantum theory.
Near the beginning of his career,
Einstein thought that Newtonian mechanics was no longer enough to
reconcile the laws of classical mechanics with the laws of the
electromagnetic field. This led to the development of his special theory
of relativity. He realized, however, that the principle of relativity
could also be extended to gravitational fields, and with his subsequent
theory of gravitation in 1916, he published a paper on the general
theory of relativity. He continued to deal with problems of statistical
mechanics and quantum theory, which led to his explanations of particle
theory and the motion of molecules. He also investigated the thermal
properties of light which laid the foundation of the photon theory of
light. In 1917, Einstein applied the general theory of relativity to
model the large-scale structure of the universe.[7]
He was
visiting the United States when Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933 and,
being Jewish, did not go back to Germany, where he had been a professor
at the Berlin Academy of Sciences. He settled in the U.S., becoming an
American citizen in 1940.[8] On the eve of World War II, he endorsed a
letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt alerting him to the potential
development of "extremely powerful bombs of a new type" and recommending
that the U.S. begin similar research. This eventually led to what would
become the Manhattan Project. Einstein supported defending the Allied
forces, but largely denounced the idea of using the newly discovered
nuclear fission as a weapon. Later, with the British philosopher
Bertrand Russell, Einstein signed the Russell–Einstein Manifesto, which
highlighted the danger of nuclear weapons. Einstein was affiliated with
the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, until his
death in 1955.
Einstein 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical
physicist and philosopher of science. He developed the general theory of
relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum
mechanics). He is best known in popular culture for his mass–energy
equivalence formula E = mc2 (which has been dubbed "the world's most
famous equation"). He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his
services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the
law of the photoelectric effect". The latter was pivotal in
establishing quantum theory.
Near the beginning of his career,
Einstein thought that Newtonian mechanics was no longer enough to
reconcile the laws of classical mechanics with the laws of the
electromagnetic field. This led to the development of his special theory
of relativity. He realized, however, that the principle of relativity
could also be extended to gravitational fields, and with his subsequent
theory of gravitation in 1916, he published a paper on the general
theory of relativity. He continued to deal with problems of statistical
mechanics and quantum theory, which led to his explanations of particle
theory and the motion of molecules. He also investigated the thermal
properties of light which laid the foundation of the photon theory of
light. In 1917, Einstein applied the general theory of relativity to
model the large-scale structure of the universe.[7]
He was
visiting the United States when Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933 and,
being Jewish, did not go back to Germany, where he had been a professor
at the Berlin Academy of Sciences. He settled in the U.S., becoming an
American citizen in 1940.[8] On the eve of World War II, he endorsed a
letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt alerting him to the potential
development of "extremely powerful bombs of a new type" and recommending
that the U.S. begin similar research. This eventually led to what would
become the Manhattan Project. Einstein supported defending the Allied
forces, but largely denounced the idea of using the newly discovered
nuclear fission as a weapon. Later, with the British philosopher
Bertrand Russell, Einstein signed the Russell–Einstein Manifesto, which
highlighted the danger of nuclear weapons. Einstein was affiliated with
the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, until his
death in 1955.
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