Pattern of brain chatter 'clue to anaesthesia response'

• 15 January 2016
• From the section Health

 

Image copyright Science Photo Library

Image caption Measuring brain network activity could be a useful way of judging the anaesthetic dose required

Taking readings of brain activity before patients go for surgery could help doctors give a more accurate dose of anaesthetic, researchers suggest.

At present, a patient's body weight is the main factor in deciding the dose.
But a University of Cambridge study indicated people with high levels of brain connectivity or "chatter" needed a larger dose to put them under.
And this could help doctors work out exactly the amount of anaesthetic a patient requires to become unconscious.

The study, published in PLOS Computational Biology, looked at how the brain's electric signals changed in 20 healthy volunteers given a common anaesthetic called propofol.
They were then asked to press different buttons when they heard different sounds.
After reaching the maximum dose, some were still pressing buttons, while others were unconscious.
The "chatter" or connectivity between areas of the brain was much more pronounced in those who were still conscious.
And when the research team looked at brain activity when the participants were awake, using readings from an electroencephalogram (EEG), they found similar differences.

 

Image copyright UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE

Image caption Brain network activity reduced in some participants given an anaesthetic - but some remained conscious

Lead study author Dr Srivas Chennu, from the University of Cambridge department of clinical neurosciences, said: "The greater the network activity at the start, the more anaesthetic they are likely to need to put them under."
He said brain "chatter" was not a measure of brain power.
"It varies from day to day as well as from person to person," he said.
"It can be related to the amount of coffee you've drunk or how much sleep you've had."
The research was still in its early stages, he added.
Dr Richard Marks, vice-president of the Royal College of Anaesthetists, said: "It's actually very difficult to tell when a patient is asleep or not.
"We need something that is reliable, specific and easy-to-use to help us."
Administering too much anaesthetic could cause side-effects, including heart attacks and strokes, he added.

ANAΔΗΜΟΣΙΕΥΣΗ ΑΠΟ ΤΟ BBC HEALTH NEWS 17/1/2016