Fission And Fusion
Ανέβηκε στις 22 Ιουλ 2009
http://www.facebook.com/ScienceReason ... Physics (Chapter 1): Fission And Fusion.
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Consider
the earth and a rocket ship which are bound together by gravity. If it
takes work or energy to pull them apart, then the binding energy is the
amount of energy it takes to completely separate them. Similarly the
binding energy in a nucleus is the amount of energy it takes to
completely separate the protons and neutrons, (collectively called
nucleons.)
There are two forces acting inside the nucleus of
atoms. The nuclear force -- a residuum of the strong force that holds
quarks together -- is pulling the neutrons and protons together -- and
the electric charge on the protons is pushing them apart. The strong
force is a lot stronger than the electric force at short ranges up to
two and a half times the proton diameter, but at larger distances the
electric force dominates.
This increase in binding energy
continues until we get to iron and nickel where the nucleus has about 60
nucleons in it. At this point, the nucleus has a radius more than two
and a half nucleons wide, which you remember is the range at which the
repulsive ElectroMagnetic Force begins to dominate.. . So as we add
nucleons past this point the electric force trying to tear the nucleus
apart starts winning and each added nucleon is a little less-tightly
bound.
---
The Cassiopeia Project is an effort to make
high quality science videos available to everyone. If you can visualize
it, then understanding is not far behind.
• http://www.cassiopeiaproject.com
.
---
Please SUBSCRIBE to Science & Reason:
• http://www.youtube.com/Best0fScience
• http://www.youtube.com/ScienceTV
• http://www.youtube.com/FFreeThinker
---
Consider
the earth and a rocket ship which are bound together by gravity. If it
takes work or energy to pull them apart, then the binding energy is the
amount of energy it takes to completely separate them. Similarly the
binding energy in a nucleus is the amount of energy it takes to
completely separate the protons and neutrons, (collectively called
nucleons.)
There are two forces acting inside the nucleus of
atoms. The nuclear force -- a residuum of the strong force that holds
quarks together -- is pulling the neutrons and protons together -- and
the electric charge on the protons is pushing them apart. The strong
force is a lot stronger than the electric force at short ranges up to
two and a half times the proton diameter, but at larger distances the
electric force dominates.
This increase in binding energy
continues until we get to iron and nickel where the nucleus has about 60
nucleons in it. At this point, the nucleus has a radius more than two
and a half nucleons wide, which you remember is the range at which the
repulsive ElectroMagnetic Force begins to dominate.. . So as we add
nucleons past this point the electric force trying to tear the nucleus
apart starts winning and each added nucleon is a little less-tightly
bound.
---
The Cassiopeia Project is an effort to make
high quality science videos available to everyone. If you can visualize
it, then understanding is not far behind.
• http://www.cassiopeiaproject.com
.
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