How To Trap Particles in a Particle Accelerator
Δημοσιεύτηκε στις 25 Αυγ 2016
In
particle accelerators, beams of particles are focused and fired forward
at almost the speed of light. But how are those particles controlled?
With the help of two visual demonstrations, Suzie Sheehy explains.
Answer our survey about this film and you could win £100! https://www.surveymonkey.co.uk/r/D9GTKM7
Watch Suzie's lecture on her research and the future of particle accelerators: https://youtu.be/jLmciZdh5j4
And watch our film on how to power a particle accelerator: https://youtu.be/-F9EqYLQKYI
Subscribe for more from this series each week: http://bit.ly/RiSubscRibe
Keeping
a handle on particles is key to the huge range of applications particle
accelerators have. The machines accelerate beams of particles using
electric and magnetic fields. Suzie uses a ‘Paul trap’ to show how
rapidly oscillating currents are used to keep particles on track. A ball
on the saddle apparatus is kept in the centre by the rising sides. But
that only controls the ball in one direction, meaning it can drop off.
Magnetic or electric fields are similar, and can only direct particles
in one plane at a time. When the kit begins to spin, though, the
alternating position of the rising sides means the ball is contained in
the center. This has the same effect that quadrupole magnets in an
accelerator have, constantly alternating gradients to keep particles in
line.
Using a more sophisticated setup, a quadrupole linear Paul
trap, pollen grains can be held in place in a beam just as particles in
an accelerator would be. Oscillating fields established across rods on
opposite corners of the system keep the pollen particles trapped.
Without the rapidly changing fields, the particles would just shoot off
in one direction; it’s the changes that keep them from escaping in one
or the other direction.
These simple analogies show how particle
accelerators guide particles into focused beams, to be harnessed for a
huge range of applications.
This video is supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council.
Subscribe for regular science videos: http://bit.ly/RiSubscRibe
Watch more science videos on the Ri Channel http://richannel.org
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particle accelerators, beams of particles are focused and fired forward
at almost the speed of light. But how are those particles controlled?
With the help of two visual demonstrations, Suzie Sheehy explains.
Answer our survey about this film and you could win £100! https://www.surveymonkey.co.uk/r/D9GTKM7
Watch Suzie's lecture on her research and the future of particle accelerators: https://youtu.be/jLmciZdh5j4
And watch our film on how to power a particle accelerator: https://youtu.be/-F9EqYLQKYI
Subscribe for more from this series each week: http://bit.ly/RiSubscRibe
Keeping
a handle on particles is key to the huge range of applications particle
accelerators have. The machines accelerate beams of particles using
electric and magnetic fields. Suzie uses a ‘Paul trap’ to show how
rapidly oscillating currents are used to keep particles on track. A ball
on the saddle apparatus is kept in the centre by the rising sides. But
that only controls the ball in one direction, meaning it can drop off.
Magnetic or electric fields are similar, and can only direct particles
in one plane at a time. When the kit begins to spin, though, the
alternating position of the rising sides means the ball is contained in
the center. This has the same effect that quadrupole magnets in an
accelerator have, constantly alternating gradients to keep particles in
line.
Using a more sophisticated setup, a quadrupole linear Paul
trap, pollen grains can be held in place in a beam just as particles in
an accelerator would be. Oscillating fields established across rods on
opposite corners of the system keep the pollen particles trapped.
Without the rapidly changing fields, the particles would just shoot off
in one direction; it’s the changes that keep them from escaping in one
or the other direction.
These simple analogies show how particle
accelerators guide particles into focused beams, to be harnessed for a
huge range of applications.
This video is supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council.
Subscribe for regular science videos: http://bit.ly/RiSubscRibe
Watch more science videos on the Ri Channel http://richannel.org
The Ri is on Twitter: http://twitter.com/ri_science
and Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/royalinstitution
and Tumblr: http://ri-science.tumblr.com/
Our editorial policy: http://richannel.org/home/editorial-p...
Subscribe for the latest science videos: http://richannel.org/newsletter
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